Makioka Sisters & Pedro Paramo :: Free Essay Writer

Makioka Sisters & Pedro Paramo Though the two books, The Makioka Sisters and Pedro Paramo appear to be a part of two entirely separate worlds, some connections can be seen throughout the works. Junichiro Tanizaki uses The Makioka Sisters to tell the tale of four beautiful sisters who’s lives are encompassed by a world of tradition and propriety. While at the same time Juan Rulfo’s Pedro Paramo is exploring these same ideas of obligation and in the best term, formalities. This is the key to these two works, formalities. Each culture and time is experiencing pressures and obligations due to the characters’ belief in observing formalities and traditions. Both books open to a dilemma that plagues the characters and can be tied back to the observation of formalities. The Makioka family is desperately seeking a husband for the third sister, Yukiko. Sachiko explains â€Å"In†¦hopes of finding Yukiko a worthy husband, they had refused the proposals that in earlier years had showered upon them. Not one seemed quite what they wanted† (9). This prestigious Osaka family presumes that they must adhere to every formality to its highest degree in order to uphold their reputation and honor. A suitor has yet to meet what they believe must be their standards. The head of the family, Tatsuo has been displeased with the men that have sought Yukiko’s hand, he believes that the â€Å"old and once-important family† cannot afford to take in a man who might humble or disgrace â€Å"the dignity of the Makioka name† (8). The family is weaving itself into a web of pain and humiliation through their insistence to comply with t he precedence of exalting and sheltering the Makioka name at any cost, even that of love and happiness. Juan Preciado is also being thrust into a dilemma when he makes attempts to follow through with empty civilities. Rulfo opens this story with Preciado traveling to the small, desolate village of Comala. After the death of Preciado’s mother, he decides to uphold the promise he made to her by visiting his estranged father, Pedro Paramo, whom he never knew. Preciado admits, â€Å"I didn’t intend to keep my promise. But then I began to think about what she told me, until I couldn’t stop thinking and even dreaming about it, and building a whole world around that Pedro Paramo. That’s why I came to Comala† (1). Preciado is brought to this insufferable village because of an empty promise that he made to his dying mother.

Panera Bread Company Essay

Executive Summary This report focuses on what Panera Bread Company (PBC) needs to do in order to be profitable, provide healthy and quality foods to consumers and above all retain its leadership potentials in the restaurant and fast food business. The report also looks at what organization’s vision and mission statement means. It touches strategic objectives by dealing with strategy formulation, analysis and implementation. Corporate governance has to be used to reposition the operations of PBC, analysis of both the micro and macro environmental points of view of the organization – where demographic, socio-cultural, political/legal, technological and global considerations of the organization in question. It also dwells on strength, weaknesses, opportunities and threats including studying trend analysis of the organization. Porter’s five forces model, concept of strategy groupings, resource based view, triple bottom line reporting, value chain analysis and financial analysis would have to be examined critically so as to make PBC have competitive advantage over its rivals. Based on the above concepts in this report, it is hereby recommended that PBC has to:†¢open new markets and establish branches in other countries by targeting major cities and towns using same standards, quality, menu, site selection and construction. †¢develop more healthy and quality foods, unique brands, always be ahead of competitors and try to use trend analysis to know the lifestyles of people, tastes, maintain its corporate social responsibility with stakeholders, look at marketing mix, develop its technological base and have a friendly atmosphere at their various cafes including motivating employeesIf these recommendations are implemented, it is believed that PBC will occupy more than 30% of the market share within the next few years. 1.Introduction1.1The aims of the report†¢how PBC can reposition its leadership edge by ensuring the management concepts remains special, opening up franchises, encourage transparencies in management practices and be  proactive in terms of change and innovations. †¢how PBC can sustain its rising profit and growth levels. 1.2Objective of the report†¢how PBC can ensure consistency in their vision, mission and strategic objectives by using major processes like strategy analysis, strategy formulation, implementation and corporate governance†¢Analyzing the micro and micro environments of PBC †¢Using Porter’s five forces model and concept of strategy groupings to make PBC have competitive advantage over their competitors. †¢Using resource base view and value-chain analysis to identify possible opportunities and threats for PBC. 2.Background of the CompanyPBC is a market leader in the restaurant industry business. Started business in 1981 with three bakery cafes and by 1997, their bakery cafes were 160 with branches in five countries and cafes in domestic airports and hotels. PBC’s concept is to sell only fresh dough and no preservatives. Their mission is ‘a loaf of bread in every arm’ with 18 different products. It intends to establish Wi-Fi access in 2003, and has many awards in its kitty. They have a good distribution network, franchise operations, management information system and supply chain management and highly professionalized staff. The 2004 first quarter performance showed an increase of 26% over same period in 2003 with a highly priced shares. 3.Case Study AnalysisStrategies are set of actions that firms use to achieve its goal. While strategic management focuses where an organization is at present and where it intends to be in the future. The task of analyzing a firm’s internal and external environment and selecting an appropriate strategy is known as strategy formulation. Strategy implementation involves  putting appropriate controls and organization mechanisms to keep the company’s chosen strategy into action. Vision statement is the long run aspirations of the organization while mission statement means what is expected of the organization by its stakeholders. This report focuses on micro-macro environment of PBC in order to retain their leadership role, increase market share and profitability. Resource Based View, Porters five forces model, strategic groupings, value chain, SWOT and financial analysis including triple bottom line reporting, and how these concepts would help the PBC to be a market leader would be analysed. 3.1Macro EnvironmentMacro economic factors are political, socio-cultural, environmental, economic, technological and legal. 3.1.1Political considerationPBC has to maintain its corporate governance issue by making sure that taxes are paid promptly and study government policies as it affects the business. At the moment political consideration is not really a big issue with PBC but if it intends to expand its operations, government polices of countries it wants to do business would have to be examined to see if it is business friendly or not. 3.1.2Demographic forcesAreas that are less profitable by the organizations should be closed down and move to areas that increases profitability (Hill et al 2004). Presently there is significant growth for young people and children who rarely cook at home and they patronize these fast casual restaurants. These youths are concerned about their health by eating healthy and quality foods which PBC should target for high profitability. 3.1.3Socio-cultural factorsIncreases in the population of women in workplaces are massive and higher levels of health consciousness have created a boom to many industries (Campbell et al 2006). PBC should study population demographics, income distribution and lifestyles changes within their areas of operation to their advantage. 3.1.4EnvironmentalOperating environments have to be friendly. This should  done in such a way that corporate social responsibility to communities in terms of pollution, waste disposal and environmental protection laws are adhered to (Johnson et al 2005). At the moment it runs ‘Operation Dough Nation’ where all monies received and all unsold inventories goes back to the community it operates. 3.1.5Economic factorsAlmost all the industries are prone to general economic conditions. High interest and exchange rates, and average disposal income can affect organizations to larger extent (Campbell et al 2006). At the moment business is booming for PBC, therefore it has to consider business cycles, product trends, interest rates, inflation and also disposable income of consumers in order to have a competitive edge. 3.1.6TechnologicalThis is now a global phenomenon in virtually every business. For a company to remain competitive it has to enhance its technological base to compete with rivals (Campbell et al 2006). PBC is expanding its technological base by introducing point of sale machines and credit cards network at each cafà ©. This helps in planning for marketing information, product mix, quicker accounting information and other variance analysis. 3.1.7LegalJohnson et al (2005) pointed out that organizations should be cautious of health and product safeties, employment laws and legislations. Taken into account its franchise operations with other organizations, it has to make sure that organizations’ it enters into agreements comply with its standards, quality, menu, site selection and construction of cafes. The training program organized by the organization prior to franchisee starting business is applauded. 3.1.8GlobalChanges in the environment such as political and economic have created a business boom to some countries, while some have witnessed economic recession as a result of this. Government policies and changing cultural patterns by consumers have had a positive impact in some industries while some are unhappy with these changes (Hill et al 2004). PBC should study these changes and know those ones that affect their business  especially intra-country trades where they have to convert currencies of their branch companies overseas. 3.2SWOT AnalysisThis shows the internal strengths and weaknesses of an organization from the customers’ point of view as they relate to external opportunities and threats (Hannagan 2002). 3.2.1StrengthStrengths of organizations are the committed leadership zeal of managers, experience in the industry, clear and articulate line with external stakeholders, strong product design and commitment to consumers in the area of innovation (Lee et al 1999). The strengths or core competencies PBC has at the moment over its competitors include the product, distribution and franchising, operations, marketing mix, general managerial ability and low personnel turnover. 3.2.2WeaknessesThese can be in the form of no clear management styles, poor image, research and development issue, competitive disadvantage, poor track record, insider problems, financing problems and possible training problems by managers and supervisors (Dess et al 2007). PBC has to invest in research and development, improve its image with stakeholders and improve on its marketing strategies. 3.2.3OpportunitiesThe growing demand for healthy and quality foods is an opportunity that PBC has at the moment over its competitors and it has to be sustained to make them have continuous dominant role in this industry (Stead et al 2004). Managers of PBC should analyse competitive forces in the restaurant sector in order to identify the various opportunities in terms of product enhancement and new products, create new markets and prediction of trends. 3.2.4Threats:What makes an organization to be strong is to identify possible threats within its operational base. The threats could be in the form of government policies, research, competitive pressures, new entrants, changing customers tastes, adverse demographic changes, recession, growing bargaining power of suppliers and customers (Dess et al 2007). PBC has to lay  particular emphasis on new entrants, watch industry indicators, government adverse policies and changes in customers needs and tastes. 3.3Resource based viewThis considers the opportunities available to a company either to add value to its products and services or look at ways of reducing costs (Dess et al 2007). It may be possible to add value to the value chain of an organization in terms of procurement of raw materials and production processes. The present system that PBC is using where it has signed agreement with Dawn Food Products and also having economic of scale in terms of supplies makes the pricing of their product very competitive. 3.4Porter’s five force industry competitionPorter’s five force industry competition include the threat of new entrants, the bargaining power of suppliers, the degree of rivalry among competitors in the same industry, the bargaining power of buyers and the threats of substitutes products. Porter argues that the stronger these forces are within an industrial setting the more limited companies raise prices and earn greater profits (Campbell 2006). As far as this is concerned a strong competitive force can be regarded as a threat because it would drastically reduce the profit of an organization (Williamson 2004). 3.4.1The threat of substitute productFirms within the same industrial setting are competing amongst themselves. Substitutes limits potential returns on an industry by placing a ceiling on the prices companies charge. This should be a lot of concern for PBC because there are lots of organizations offering same product in the market. 3.4.2The threat of new entrantsWhen new entrants enter the industry they tend to take extra effort in order to take full control of the industry. The extent to which new entrants can enter an industry exerts a significant influence on the degree to which companies may act to earn above average in terms of bottom line (Johnson et al 2005). At the moment PBC enjoys some element of economies of scale, brand recognition, access to distribution channels and experience in carrying out operational activities leading to lower cost of production. But it is good for new entrants to enter the  market because this brings about competition in the industry. 3.4.3The power of buyersBuyers are seen as competitive threats when they are in a position to demand lower prices or better service . Conversely when buyers are weak, a company can raise its prices and declare higher profits (Johnson and Scholes 2002). This has to be taken into account by PBC following volume of restaurants around. PBC should recalculate its costs since it intends to increase prices by 2% to see the justification prior to embarking on it. 3.4.4The power of suppliersSuppliers can be viewed as threats when they are able to force up the price for raw materials or reduce quality of materials. However, if suppliers are weak, companies can force down their prices and demand higher raw material quality. PBC believes it can have cost savings from switching to Dawn. 3.4.5Rivalry among established companiesIf rivalry is weak this will result to increase in prices of products at the detriment of consumers and ultimately increase profits and vise versa (Johnson 2005). PBC should regularly study competitors’ moves. 3.5.Value Chain Analysis (VCA)VCA helps managers to understand how effectively and efficiently the activities of their organizations are structured and coordinated. In other words, it seeks to provide an understanding of how much value an organization’s activities add to its products and services compared to the costs of the services used in their production. This helps management to identify core activities, know if there is breakdown or blockages to their detriment (Tsai et al 2006). The distribution network of PBC is good since it uses an independent contractor that delivers products to the bakery cafes and thus making the organization to concentrate in the retail operations. Their franchise operations should be sustained. 3.6Strategic groupsPotter (1980) defined strategic (SG) groups as group of firms in the same line of business having identical strategy following  through the strategic direction. Carroll et al (1992) as cited in Flavian and Polo (1999) organizations within the same SGs often compete for market share. PBC has a lot of organizations within the same SGs, and therefore should use this to their advantage by understudying their competitors strengths and weaknesses. 3.7Tripple bottom lineThis is the combination of social, environmental and financial reporting for an organization to its stakeholders (Dess et al 2006). PBC does not show its report in this format, although this is optional for organizations but to enable stakeholders understand PBC’s business better they should incorporate this into their report like the Operation Dough Nation and the unsold inventory proceeds. 4Recommendation†¢Encourage research for new products and branding. †¢Explore the possibility of new branches across borders. †¢Improve marketing drive to increase sales since its closing inventory in 2003 was $8066 million dollars as against $5191 million dollars in 2002. †¢Identify threats and weaknesses through strategic groupings†¢Pursue recovery of debts from debtors which shows $9646 million in 2003. Reduce its liabilities which gave $35,552 million dollars. †¢Plan for succession incase of possible changes in leadership hierarchy. 5.ConclusionIn conclusion, PBC should regularly scan the micro and macro environments for signals of environmental changes or general trends that are occurring. On observing a trend that may lead to a market changes, the company needs to monitor the change so it has a better understanding of the exact nature of the change and whether it applies to the organization. If the monitoring mechanism suggests the change is relevant, then the company needs to forecast how the change will affect its operations in future. It is then necessary to assess the forecast implications to determine whether the market change will require a change in the company’s strategy. Benchmarking,  reengineering and total quality management should not be left out. . References Dess, GG, Lumpkin, GT, Eisner, AB 2007, ‘Strategic management’ , 3rd edn, McGraw-Hill, New York. Campbell, D, Stonehouse, G, Houston, B 2006, ‘Business strategy’, 2nd edn, Elsevier Butterworth-Heeinemann, Oxford. Stead, EW, Stead, GJ, Starik, M 2004 ‘Sustainable strategic management’, M.E. SharpeInc., New York. Tsai, YC, Fan, CL, Liou, CN, Wu, CL 2006 ‘The application of parts control and standardization by exploration of the value chain in new product development and innovation’, The Business Review, vol. 6, no. 2, pp 213 (online Emerald). Hanaagan, T 2002 ‘Mastering strategic management’, Palgrave, New York. Hill, CWL, Jones, GR, Galvin, P 2004, ‘Strategic management: an integrated approach’, 5th edn., John Wiley, Milton. Johnson, G, Schooles, K, Whittington, R 2005, ‘Exploring corporate strategy’, 7th edn, Prentice Hall, Harlow. Williamson, D, Jenkin, W, Cooke, P, Moreton, KM 2004, ‘Strategic management and business analysis’, Elsevier Butterworth-Heinemann, Burlington. Johnson, G, Scholes, K 2002, ‘Exploring corporate strategy’, 6th edn., Prentice Hall, Harlow. Porter, ME 1980, ‘Competitive strategy’, The Free Press, New York

The Type Of Speech An Informative Speech - 1075 Words

The type of speech: An informative speech. The topic: An informative speech on the importance of diverse children’s literature and the relation of diverse children’s literature and youth literacy. My company: I am an employee at a children’s literature publishing company that is looking to branch out into the international/global market. Speech title: The Importance of Diverse Children s Literature THESIS STATEMENT Fostering a love of reading at a young age is important. Childhood literacy is important to overarching education and development in youth, and one of the best ways to improve childhood literacy is to provide a multitude of diverse and accessible types of literature for our children to consume. KEY POINTS The more diverse choices there are in literature, the easier it is to find something that appeals to any given person. It stands to reason, then, that diversity in children’s literature makes it easier to find something that appeals to any given child. Furthermore, the easier it is for a child to find literature that appeals to them, the more likely that that child is to become an avid reader and, therefore, a consumer of information and knowledge. Avid readers tend to have a higher reading comprehension. Higher reading comprehension often leads to, or is the cause of, higher grades. In addition to reading comprehension, avid readership tends to lead a given child to be more studious, which also leads to better grades. Those who read often are more likely toShow MoreRelatedInformative Speech Essay855 Words   |  4 Pageswhat type of speech would the speaker choose. Well chapter 13 contents the creative process for informative speaking. What informative speaking is how to choose a focused informative topic, how to conduct a research and informative outline? The chapter also contains how to organize the body, introduction, and conclusion of the informative speech. Lastly chapter 13 contents explain how to prepare to present the speech and evaluate and informative speech. In order to make a well informative speechRead MoreSpeech Preparation Essay586 Words   |  3 PagesSpeech Preparation Reflection Alicia Ramos COM/110 April 25, 2016 Linda Price Speech Preparation Reflection The best way to prepare for a presentation, one must consider the best method, the type of presentation and the audience for a given topic. There are four different types of presentation methods they are; Impromptu, Extemporaneous Speaking, Using a Manuscript, and Memorization. Each of the four methods is appropriate in certain situations. Impromptu is a speech that frequently involvesRead MoreRhetorical Analysis Of Lucas s The Art Of Public Speaking936 Words   |  4 Pagesthat Lisa is a public speaker and is using her public speaking skills to inform her coworkers. Chapter 15 is about speaking to inform an audience. Lucas begins this chapter with the types of informative speeches and some analysis and organization skills for each topic. There are many ways to classify an informative speech, Lucas breaks it down into four main topics: objects, processes, events, and concepts. Lucas begins this chapter by speaking on speeches about objects. Lucas defines an object as â€Å"Object sRead MoreEssay on Public Speech516 Words   |  3 PagesPublic Speech 1. To give a good speech you must adapt your speech to your audience. There are two steps in the adaptaion process. First, there is preparation before the speech. This is done may times by having your audience fill out an audience analysis form, this will give you the demographics on your audience and allow you to adapt your speech accordingly. The second part of adapting your speech is during the speech. This is done by paying attention to your audience while you are givingRead MoreInformative Speech On Symptoms, Diagnosis, And Treatment Of Generalized Anxiety Disorder1420 Words   |  6 Pages Planning for the Informative Speech with Analysis Speech Topic: To inform my audience of the symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment of Generalized anxiety disorder Rhetorical Purpose: To inform my audience about . . . Their own mental profile and how to recognize the symptoms so they can help themselves and others around them Audience Analysis: (Refer to chapter on Audience Analysis) (RU Core Goal: a) Summarize Audience demographics, prior exposure/knowledge, common ground/interest, disposition/attitudeRead MoreWhy Is It Important? How Your Audience As You Prepare Your Speech? Essay1648 Words   |  7 PagesWhy is it important to analyze your audience as you prepare your speech? Everyone has different views, religion, values, attitudes and beliefs as many will hold one more important than others and conflict with others. This leads the audience to biases in listening to the speaker therefore may not listen attentively or care about the speech. Thus as a speaker you must know your audience is as a person, their love, views, values, and beliefs to use it to entice them to listen and care. After all itRead MoreSpeech On Rising Sea Level Essay1646 Words   |  7 Pages 1. Why is it important to analyze your audience as you prepare your speech? Everyone has different views, religion, values, and beliefs as many will hold one more important than others and conflict with others. This leads the audience to biases in listening to the speaker therefore may not listen attentively or care about the speech. Thus as a speaker you must know your audience is as a person, their love, views, values, and beliefs to use it to entice them to listen and care. After all it is theRead MoreWarning Label Explanation Speech On The Mirror1386 Words   |  6 PagesWarning Label Explanation Speech Man in the Mirror With this speech I was able to conquer many factors such as letting my words coming out in a voice tone the way I intended it to be. I was able to deliver my main points just like I practiced. I was able to create an outline according to what I expected to deliver to my audience. However, once again I allowed my nervousness to get a little bit of my power and confidence. Because of my anxiety I did not create a true connection with my listeners (classmates)Read MoreThe A Deep Bruise, A Black Eye, And A Bloody Nose1509 Words   |  7 PagesI chose for this analysis. In this essay, I will discuss the primary message within the announcement. I will then identify the purpose of the video and to whom this PSA is directed. I will analyze the communicational techniques, as well as the type of speech within the video. Prove how the video is effective and decide its ethicality. Finally, I will conclude with a personal reflection of lessons I have learned. After searching for a Public Service Announcement online, one of the video images caughtRead MoreInformative Speech On Steroids717 Words   |  3 PagesInformative Speech-Steroids I. Introduction Attention Getter: (PowerPoint image) When we see someone extremely muscular, we wonder is the person using steroids? Background: Although people have been using steroids over 50 years, it wasnt until we started seeing headlines about athletes using steroids that it started receiving attention. Audience Relevance: Although I’m guessing most of you have an idea of what steroids are, I don’t think there are many classes or workshops offered that talk about

Is Deviance And The Deviant Label That Is Put Upon Female...

Topic- The topic that I have chosen for my research paper is deviance. More specifically the deviant label that is put upon female athletes. Given that they are scrutinized for becoming their own people and dismissing the traditional ways a female should behave, I would like to look at not only how these athletes are treated, but how they respond to it. Also focusing on if this process has changed over time. Thesis- Throughout the course of history, the consensus regarding traditional gender norms has changed immensely. Just the thought of going against these morals was unthinkable and shamed. However, as times have come to change, the challenging of these norms has become more accepted along with the notion that there are no†¦show more content†¦I cannot exactly say what because I did not live there, but there is always that thought. It always varies place to place, we are always seeing change, through technology and diversity for example, they influence how we define deviance. So yes and always. Q2. If so, will these previously thought of deviant behaviors always have that label, even if it is more accepted in today s society? Will they forever be known as deviant? A2. No, that s not always the case. Certain labels can change. Even so far we ve seen cases where one was deviant and we see radical change over time, there is nothing in a way that keeps it deviant. However some things are harder to change over time. Q3. Why, in today’s age does more media coverage play a role? (it being easier to access, faster to publish news, more platforms†¦etc) A3. Cleary media plays some role and accessing information plays a role. Social reactions always plays a role, historically information would get passed and people would get stigmatized and labeled, now there is so much information that some can be cancelled out. For instance, how we hear about all of this crazy stuff on how Russia closed fake information supporting Trump. They would tweet and it would become fake news. People would then retweet what was said and it would be retweeted a million times to the point where it was all out for everyone to see and discuss. Sorry I am getting off ofShow MoreRelatedIt Is No Secret That The Socially Constructed Concept Of1534 Words   |  7 Pagesconstructed concept of deviance is a label that is able to form a certain stigma to those who the label has been applied. Deviance is simply a violation of any societal norm. Any behavior that is deemed odd or irregular by the majority may be considered deviant. These behaviors and actions may produc e different reactions from outsiders, or possibly none at all, depending on the audience or norm that had been broken. Anyone who decides to go against these norms will not only receive such a label, but will mostRead MoreMale Eating Disorders2574 Words   |  11 Pages06/25/2000, Vol. 149, Issue 51430, Section 16, p8. Hausenblas, H.A., Carron, A.V. (1999). Eating Disorder Indices and Athletes: An Integration. Journal of Sport Exercise Psychology. 21, 230-258. McLorg, P.A. Taub, D.E. (1992) Anorexia Nervosa and Bulimia: The Development of Deviant Identities. In D.H. Kelly (Ed.), Deviant Behavior: A Text-Reader in the Sociology of Deviance. (pp. 203-214). New York: Worth Publishers. Phillpot, D., Sheppard, G. (1998). More Than Mere Vanity. GuidanceRead More Male Eating Disorders Essay2485 Words   |  10 PagesEating Disorders in Males Eating disorders have traditionally been a â€Å"woman’s problem.† It has not been until recently that we have recognized the fact that males are suffering from these deadly disorders as well. It has been generally agreed upon that anywhere from five to 15 percent of all reported cases of eating disorders are attributed to men. This paper will examine its incidence in males and the physical and psychological aspects associated with having an eating disorder. First letsRead More The Sociological Aspect of Obesity Essay7419 Words   |  30 Pagesexamining the socio-cultural, gender, and psycho-social effects and includes the different perceptions of the epidemic as well as what is deemed acceptable in the society we live in. In the American culture, obesity is seen as a bodily abnormality and deviance that should be corrected. Obesity has indeed become one of the most stigmatizing bodily characteristics in our culture (Brink, 1994). In the Western culture, thinness does not just mean the size of the body, but it is associated with such qualitiesRead MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 Pages113 †¢ The Case Against EI 114 †¢ Emotion Regulation 115 OB Applications of Emotions and Moods 115 Selection 116 †¢ Decision Making 116 †¢ Creativity 116 †¢ Motivation 117 †¢ Leadership 117 †¢ Negotiation 117 †¢ Customer Service 118 †¢ Job Attitudes 119 †¢ Deviant Workplace Behaviors 119 †¢ Safety and Injury at Work 119 †¢ How Managers Can Influence Moods 120 Summary and Implications for Managers 121 Self-Assessment Library How Are You Feeling Right Now? 98 Sel f-Assessment Library What’s My Affect Intensity?Read MoreDeveloping Management Skills404131 Words   |  1617 Pagesresources we have available to us, the same basic human skills still lie at the heart of effective human interaction. In fact, human relationships are becoming more important, not less, as the information age unfolds and technologies encroach even more upon our daily lives. Most of us are exposed to more information each day than we can possibly pay attention to. More than 6,000 business books are published each month. Moreover, no mechanism exists to organize, prioritize, or interpret that informationRead MoreOrganisational Theory230255 Words   |  922 Pagesorganization poses. In this spirit we examine the challenges of: †¢ Modernist theories of organization that form the controversial and challenging foundations of organization theory. †¢ The development of neo-modernist theories of organization that claim to ‘put people first’ and t hen the ways that these theories have been transformed into . xiv Preface ‘new wave’ approaches in which there is an emphasis on the control of organization members. †¢ We then explore the ways in which postmodern philosophiesRead MoreStrategic Marketing Management337596 Words   |  1351 PagesMarketing Management Dedication This book is dedicated to the authors’ wives – Gillian and Rosie – and to Ben Gilligan for their support while it was being written. Acknowledgements Our thanks go to Janice Nunn for all the effort that she put in to the preparation of the manuscript. Strategic Marketing Management Planning, implementation and control Third edition Richard M.S. Wilson Emeritus Professor of Business Administration The Business School Loughborough University and

Should Religious Education Be Public Schools - 1719 Words

I was raised as a catholic for a majority of my life but was completely unaware that Catholics were Christians too. This confusion and lack of religious knowledge is the norm in the United States. To combat this startling issue some have proposed we have religious education in our schools. Religion is a taboo issue and turns even more taboo when we involve children. Many oppose the teaching of region in our schools for the simple reason of separation of church and state. Another reason this is met with resistance would include all the reasons for which religion is frowned upon such as: crating division amongst people and misunderstandings. However, others argue that religious education is necessary in public schools due to the immense†¦show more content†¦In effect, todays educator should be permitted to cover such topic, providing students with the creationist perspective. For the most part, only evolution has been given a its proper place. Evolution and creationism shoul d hold the same weight as both present large influences in different aspects of our lives. Both undermine how we view things and even influences our moral perception. Also, these theories hold major weight In our society, hence students should be knowledgeable in these areas. Students should be presented with informative unbiased ideas of each to come up with their own conclusions. To hold a truly dolid educational foundation students must be presented with alternatives to evolution and thus develop the proper thinking skills. In another poll, conducted by Pew Research revealed that 1 out of three Americans opposed evolution. A large number of those who refused creationism were evangelicals and Protestants who believe humans have always existed in the form they hold today. A majority of evangelicals don’t agree with the current theory of evolution but rather believe in theistic evolution. Theistic evolution supports the principles of evolution but involves God. Since the earl y 1930’s, evangelicals have always fought the involvement of

Accounting Theory Half Defence

Question: Discuss about theAccounting Theoryfor Half Defence. Answer: Introduction Paul Dunmore wrote the article Half Defence of Positive Accounting Research. The book is about the accounting theory that helps to understand how people behave the way they do. The aim of the author was to introduce the theory into practical daily life (Paul 2009). Most importantly, the article is looking at the significance of the accounting theory in the corporate world and how it adds value to the production efficiency in various entities. The aim of this report is to conduct a critical analysis of the article including the summary and critical review of the study process. The aim is to identify the weaknesses of the article and capitalize on the strengths. Summary of the Article The main objective of the article is to provide critical analysis on the application of the accounting theory on the daily lives of the people and how it affects the behavior of the people. According to the article, it is not possible to predict the financial and capital markets, and this means that people behave by the current changes in the business environment (Choi et al. 2009). The accounting theory, in this case, highlights the significance of predicting individual and market behavior regarding the market. The author was much concerned about positive accounting theory as the theory that helps to make effective predictions in the business environment. Further, the positive accounting theory argues that economists are not so interested to find out what is to be done but the factors behind the happening of a certain event. However, the management of an organization must take appropriate measures to determine the factors that affect the operations of the business (Dahmash et al. 2009). It is because the management must take appropriate measures to compete effectively in the competitive market. As such, the author argues that positive accounting theory is necessary for understanding the factors behind certain events so as to take measures to manage the issues. Besides, the author argues that most investors use the positive accounting theory to make decisions regarding pricing. For instance, the investors are keen to understand the factors that influence the behavior of the consumers and formulate strategies and systems that can help to attract and retain the consumers (Davila and Foster 2007). This is because the theory argues that consumers are rational and they make rational decisions. In this regard, it is necessary to understand the relationship customer behavior and the market factors. In this way, one can link the accounting behavior and rational behavior thus improving the quality of decisions management makes that influence the success of their business. Paul Dunmore tries to explore the reasons why people behave the way they do. However, previous research has not managed to develop the causal theory that clearly explains this concept about human behavior. The positive theory helps to understand the accounting issues and how it influences the behavior of individuals in the society (Hay et al. 2006). Despite the fact that many scholars have tried to develop the accounting their help to understand the human behavior, they fail to come up with clear conclusions because it is hard to test the theoretical models they use in their studies. Other factors that affect the reliability of the studies include lack of focus in understanding the numerical values, but instead, they focus on using theories as lenses to evaluate the qualitative data. However, to some extent, the positive theory can help to understand some prior knowledge about the relationship between changes in the financial markets and the behavior of individuals. The article argues that the previous scholars have tried to explain the concept of human behavior. However, they use models that cannot be tested scientifically to prove the findings. It means that they must develop subjects for detailed testing to provide appropriate answers to the issues surrounding the accounting theory (Humphrey 2008). The use of a quantitative method for doing the study is useful, but they are reduced to just statements that cannot provide a clear relationship between the variables. Also, Paul Dunmore argues that there is need to conduct a more vigorous research study that can be tested to determine the reliability of the findings instead of providing mere analysis. It means that there is need to conduct a scientific study to determine the causal and relationship effect. Research Question/Thesis The thesis of the research report is that there is a direct relationship between cause and effect in the practical world. The researcher selected this topic because it helps to promote organization throughout the study with the aim of achieving the goals and objectives. Besides, the thesis is significant because it helps to guide the researcher throughout the study with the aim of finding the answers to the gaps identified in the previous research (Hay et al. 2006). In this regard, the investigator managed to conduct the study systematically from the introduction to the literature review. For example, most of the interpretive researcher use open questions, and this makes it difficult to conduct a scientific study. In the literature review, the researcher managed to identify that human agency is not based on the social constructive in nature. The social nature of the world according to the author determines the roles and relationships people engage taking into account the cause and effect nature. However, the author was successful to conduct this research with the help of the thesis statement (Francis 2006). Based on the research questions, the author asserts that the only ways to observe the world are through own experiences and descriptions as well as engaging various participants thus improving the results. The interpretive research program underlies these views but helps to understand the relationship amongst individuals. Human beings are different, and they have different behaviors when it comes to rationality. Because of the differences in perception, it is not easy to understand the experience (Hannam 2009). However, the accounting theory argues that people make decisions based on the cause and effect. In simple terms, the researcher has tried to explore the concept of human behavior according to accountancy theory, but this is made possible because of the thesis developed. Therefore, the thesis guided the researcher throughout the study and in the process remained focused and avoids deviating from the aim of the study. Theoretical Framework In the accounting industry, most accountants face various issues that affect their operations. Previously, scholars have conducted extensive research regarding the best accounting techniques, but they have not managed to develop the most effective strategies that enhance the business operations. For example, the positivity research program is applied in the accounting sector to enhance the operations of the accountants (Gonthier-Besacier and Schatt 2007). However, the program is not appropriate because it faces many challenges. The scholars who use the technique according to author encounter problems such as casual construction models that are not tested scientifically and reliance of the hypothesis that is not tested. In this effect, more research is required to improve the accounting standards. It is also important to understand that the previous accounting theories have four basic assumptions that affect their effectiveness. The first assumption is the economic assumption that states that the operations of the business are different from the activities of the owners of the business. In this regard, the accountants do not assume that the business does not face any significant risk such as dissolution (Francis 2006). However, this is a wrong assumption because any business is prone to various risks. Finally, the periodicity assumption argues that the business is broken into various fiscal periods taking place in various fiscal periods. In this effect, the assumptions affect the accounting standards because they do not meet the changes in the business environment. Considering the assumptions of the theories, research is required in the accounting sector to develop better policies that look into the cause and effect relationship. As such, the scholar will have to deeply research more about accounting standards and how they influence the decision-making process among the managers (Fogarty and Markarian 2007). In this regard, the accounting theory helps to understand the issues well by identifying the weaknesses and address the loopholes in the study. Therefore, this research was required because it helps to understand the cause and effect relationship effectively. Significance and Limitations of the Article The first significance of the article is that it helps to understand how people make decisions that affect their accounting strategies. After reading the article, most people can understand the relationship between the human behavior and accounting settings. As such, the author has improved the thinking of the individuals and how they make decisions (Berg 2008). Besides, the article has improved the research methods. One can realize that the author was organized in doing the research starting from the introduction, review of the literature and methodology used to conduct the study. Learners can also understand how research process is conducted. Therefore, the article is significant because it helps to promote the learning process (Kumar 2010). However, the article also raises questions regarding further research such as how to conduct research using scientific methods and the article does not address a specific issue in the accounting theory. On the other hand, research limitations, in this case, can affect the research reliability. In the first place, the author did not indicate how the author collected data from the respondents. For any research to be successful, it is necessary to collect primary data as well as secondary data that help to find answers to the research questions effectively (DeMarrais and Stephen 2010). Therefore, the researcher failed to convince the readers about the process of conducting the study and this limits the reliability of the research findings. Further, the researcher has drawn conclusions that are not critical and do not reflect on the methodology used hence one can question the results. Another limitation one can identify from the article is that the researcher did not indicate the prior studies regarding the research topic (Eriksson and Kovalainen 2008). The researcher has tried to explore the issue of accounting theory but has not quoted the previous studies about the same topic and the weaknesses. As such, it is difficult to make comparisons to understand which study gives the best results as well as improvement from the previous studies (Collins 2010). Finally, the article does not indicate the measure the investigator used to collect and analyze the results. The ability to interpret the results successfully depends on the measure used. In future, therefore, the researcher will have to give details of the research process. These limitations affect the significance of the article because the readers want to understand how the author conducted the study and the methodology used. This is because the methods used to collect and analyze data influence the reliability of the findings (Bischoping 2009). As such, the limitations in this article affected its significance because some scholars cannot buy its ideas. The findings must align with the research method failure to which scholars can dispute the results. However, the author tried to provide content analysis and using scholarly information but this is not enough in conducting the study and answer the research question successfully. Conclusion Half Defence of Positive Accounting Research article was written by Paul Dunmore. The aim of the study is to develop explanations that help to explain causal and effect relationship and how they affect the human behavior about accounting settings. The article helps to understand the effectiveness of the positivist research program. However, the limitations identified in the study include the inability to provide appropriate data, lack of information and data from the previous about the same topic and the author did not provide the measuring method used to analyze the collected data. References Berg, B. L 2008, Qualitative research methods for the social sciences. 7th ed. Boston, MA: Allyn Bacon. Bischoping, K 2009, Review of Social research methods: Qualitative and quantitative approaches, SAGE Publications Ltd. Collins, H 2010, Creative Research: The theory and practice of research for the creative industries. Lausanne: AVA Academia. DeMarrais, K and Stephen D. L 2010, Foundations for research: Methods of inquiry in education and the social sciences. Mahwah, NJ: L. Erlbaum Associates. Paul, D 2009, Half Defence of Positive Accounting Research. Massey University: New Zealand. Choi, J.-H., Kim, J.-B., Liu, X and Simunic, D. A 2009, Cross-listing audit fee premiums: Theory and evidence. The Accounting Review Vol. 84, No. 5, pp. 1429-1463. Dahmash, F. N., Durand, R and Watson, J 2009, The value relevance and re- liability of reported goodwill and identifiable intangible assets. The British Accounting Review Vol. 41, No. 2, pp. 120-137. Davila, A and Foster, G 2007, Management control systems in early-stage startup companies. The Accounting Review Vol. 82, No. 4, pp. 907-937. Eriksson, P and Kovalainen, A 2008, Qualitative Methods in Business Research, 1st ed London: SAGE Publications Ltd. Fogarty, T. J and Markarian, G 2007, An empirical assessment of the rise and fall of accounting as an academic discipline. Issues in Accounting Education Vol. 22, No. 2, pp. 137-161. Francis, J. R 2006, Are auditors compromised by non audit services? Assessing the evidence. Contemporary Accounting Research Vol. 23, No. 3, pp. 747-760. Gonthier-Besacier, N, and Schatt, A 2007, Determinants of audit fees for French quoted firms. Managerial Auditing Journal Vol. 22, No. 2, pp. 139-160. Hannam, J 2009, God's Philosophers: How the Medieval World Laid the Foundations of Modern Science. Icon, London. Hay, D. C., Knechel, W. R and Wong, N 2006, Audit fees: A meta-analysis of the elect of supply and demand attributes. Contemporary Accounting Research Vol. 23, No. 1, pp. 141-191. Humphrey, C 2008, Auditing research: A review across the disciplinary divide. Accounting, Auditing Accountability Journal Vol. 21, No. 2, pp. 170-203. Kumar, R 2010, Research Methodology: A Step-by-Step Guide for Beginners. London: Sage.

Hero and Leander free essay sample

This paper distinguishes between the two voices in Marlowes epic poem the Hero and Leander. This paper explores the similarities and differences between the two separate voices, one being the narrator and the other the poet himself, in the context of Marlowes epic poem Hero and Leander. For the reader of Hero and Leander, another dilemma with the narrator and Marlowe the poet arises when we ask the reason for Marlowes desire to tell his tale through the eyes and voice of an unidentified narrator apart from himself. The initial reaction of an observant reader would be that the narrator is quite inappropriate for this poem. Hero and Leander then represents Marlowes ultimate attempt at human comedy via a speaker who represents the poets own image of human nature. In Christopher Marlowes narrative poem Hero and Leander, a major obstacle confronts the reader in the form of attempting to separate the narrative voice of the poet Marlowe from that which W. We will write a custom essay sample on Hero and Leander or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page L. Godshalk calls the sensibility of a dramatized narrator. . . who stands between us and the lovers (307). David Farkas, in his Problems of Interpretation in Marlowes Hero and Leander,` points out that he hears `two voices in the narrative: the genuine Marlovian voice and the hidden narrators (Knoll 129). In light of these observations, the question arises as to the means of distinguishing between the dual voices present in the poem. Godshalk asks Is it Marlowe or the narrator who is so taken with Leanders physical beauty and with Heros pretended innocence even as she coquettishly leads him on? (308). Thus, Hero and Leander, in regards to the poet/narrator question, builds its own mysteries and demands a variety of responses which are compounded by the fact that we see (the characters) through the eyes of Marlowe, the poet, and through those of an intrusive narrator (Levin 140).